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Go through lecture 1 and 2 on my own. 

Circuit switching: when you actually have dedicated paths, no packets. 

Packet switching: is non-dedicated, packets can go through any route. 

Virtual circuit switching: set up a dedicated path, this is still packets. 

Datagram: no set paths, what the internet actually uses. This is packets. 

Message switching: the entire file is sent rather than being broken up into packets. 

UDP vs TCP: 

Time division multiplexing: when you split up when you send up the packets (time based). 

Frequency division multiplexing: splitting up each of the conversations based on a frequency. 

Virtual circuit: set up the path ahead of time, same path for the entire conversation. 

FTP: you interact with a user interface. FTP is stateful (needs to know your current path). 

In-band vs out of band control: you have two TCP connections, one is for transferring commands and the other is for data transfer. 

SMTP: simple mail transfer protocol, it pushes mail to servers from clients and to servers from servers. Uses TCP on port 25. All just for sending text.