(650 AD - 1100 AD) Most Advanced Intellectual tradition in world at time Math: development of Arabic Numerals Based on Indian number system Leads to advanced Algebra & Trigonometry Architecture - taller buildings, windows Astronomy - development of the Astrolabe. Navigation device based on stars Islamic Calender - based on moon Literature & Science Poetry & Music : Invent Guitar Art and music were secular (not religious, worldly) Love songs.