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Chapter 7 Review Joe Puccio
Key Terms
Manifest Destiny
Spoils System
Cotton Gin
Lyceum
Squatter
Nullification
Utopia
People To Identify
Dorothea Dix was a Massachusetts teacher who fought for better care for the mentally ill. She played a huge role in improving and establishing 32 hospitals.
John C. Fremont was an explorer who led Americans in capturing California, and recapturing Los Angeles. The Bear Flog Revolt against Mexican authorities.
Angelina Grimke was a southern-bred abolitionist who moved north and became a quaker upon realizing that slavery went against her religion.
Sarah Hale edited Goody’s Lady’s book which set standards of conduct, manners, and dress for American women. It also promoted the notion that there was a Woman’s sphere and a man’s sphere, both equally important yet different.
Horace Mann was a leader in the school reform of Boston. He emphasized educating all children - not just the privileged ones.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton called for a women’s rights meeting in Seneca Falls, New York after being denied recognition at an Anti-Slavery convention in London on the basis of being a woman.
Nat Turner led a slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1831. He was captured and hanged but this rebellion caused Southern States to pass harsh laws regarding slaves - and virginia nearly abolished slavery altogether.
Places To Locate
B
E
D
G
C
A
F
Reviewing the Facts
Americans thought that the war of 1812 was a victory because New Orleans had been such an outstanding win. It left a genre sense of Happiness (“Good feelings”) and therefore a psychological victory. They also received the respect of the world and the fear of England.
The American System was a program to “bind the republic together with a perfect system of roads and canals” and to “conquer space”. It also involved becoming self-sufficient. It was put forward by the great Henry Clay and was also intended to spur national economic growth.
The Monroe Doctrine was a foreign policy that said that the Western Hemisphere was now closed to colonization and recolonization. It was issued because Americans were worried about European countries receiving aid from (re)colonized countries in reclaiming their land. President Monroe issued it in 1823 to promote America’s peace and safety.
The Industrial revolution was the change from hand made to machine made goods - this process also affected other things like culture. Industrialization first took place in the North East, more specifically, New England because water power, labor, and shipping were easy to find there. It began in Great Britain in the 1700s and promptly spread to other nations. It was introduced to the Northeast by Salter Samuel.
The cotton Gin, along with the high demand for cotton in the North-East made cotton a cash crop. It caused large plantations to spring up whose (rich) owners formed an aristocracy of sorts. It changed life in the South by making the uplands more valuable than the coastlands and it made the demand of slaves reach an all time high.
The Missouri Compromise reflected sectional compromise because it concerned two opposing factions in the US; slave-states, and free states, that were currently in heated debate. The Tariff of Abominations was another South vs North sectional issue. The North wanted tariffs to help its industries - which the South was opposed to. The Mexican war was yet another North vs South debacle. The North claimed that the South just wanted “bigger pens to cram with slaves.” All this tension helped start the Civil War. it was an act of Congress on 1820 that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. The Tariff of Abominations made South Carolina want to leave the Union. People who opposed the Mexican War saw it as a war of conquest and a slavery plot.
The revivals of the Second Great Awakening encouraged the growth of reform in the United States during the 1830s and 1840s. There were several movement that were spurring reform. Including: the labor movement, the movement for free public education, abolitionism, and women’s rights.
10-hour work days, higher wages, free schools, the end of jailing to debtors, and the repeal of government-sponsored monopolies were the goals of the early labor movement. The abolition of slavery and the idea that free slaves should be shipped off to Africa to start their own colony were the goals of the abolition movement. The fact that women weren’t allowed to act for the cause gave rise to the women’s rights movement.
Texas annexation and Mexican officials refusing to meet with John Slidell were causes for the Mexican War. The war ended with America winning and Mexico recognizing the Rio Grande as a boundary and ceded New Mexico, California, and the land between them to the United States.
The murder of Joseph Smith by an anti-Mormon mob caused Brigham Young to move is flock of Mormons beyond the boundaries of the United States and to the Great Salt Lake City Basin. With the Gold Rush, thousands of people were attracted to California.
Critical Thinking Skills
An advantage of the spoils system is that it breaks the hold of the upper class on government. A disadvantage of it is that the advice that the President gets is very one-sided.
I do think that land conflict with Native Americans was inevitable. I think this because Americans knew that they could overpower native Americans - so whether it was agreed upn or not I think it would have happened.
I completely agree with Horace Mann. I agree with him because a poorly educated public would make equally poor decisions at a voting booth.
I think Thomas Jefferson meant that this was a make-it-or-break-it issue. He realized that if this issue were handled incorrectly, major conflicts would be imminent.